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The reality of green energy: “green metal” supply chains won’t be able to keep up

NC State SCRC

What will happen to those manufacturers that can’t or won’t convert? The IEA predicts about a seven fold increase of such “green metals” by 2030. Copper and nickel would require $250-300bn in capex before 2030. They go out of business? And is there enough capacity to produce the new types of vehicles?

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4 Crucial Commodities to Watch in 2023

Resilinc

Presently, The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is the top producer of cobalt—making 71% of the world’s supply. And in 2021, Apple reported that 13% of cobalt shipped in its products came from recycling. Department of Energy), global demand for lithium-ion batteries is expected to increase more than 5X by 2030.

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